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The 2014 Pacific typhoon season was an event in the annual cycle of tropical cyclone formation, in which tropical cyclones formed in the western Pacific Ocean. The season began with the formation of Tropical Storm Lingling on January 10; and ended after Tropical Storm Jangmi which dissipated on January 1 of the next year. The season was not as active, deadly and costly as the previous typhoon season, but was notable for producing a series of powerful super typhoons. In fact, this season saw the most number of storms reaching Category 5 intensity in Saffir–Simpson wind scale since 1997. Tropical Storm Lingling in mid-January was the first major natural disaster in the Philippines after Typhoon Haiyan in 2013, as it caused widespread landslide incidents and floods in Mindanao, resulting in 70 deaths and damage at over 566 million pesos in the island. In June, Tropical Storm Hagibis caused US$131 million in damages and killed 11 people in China. In July and August, Typhoon Neoguri and Typhoon Halong made landfall over Japan, they both caused nearly US$160 million in damages. Typhoon Rammasun made landfall over the Philippines, China and Vietnam and caused over US$7 billion in damages and 195 deaths, becoming the costliest and deadliest tropical cyclone in the northwestern Pacific in 2014. Typhoon Matmo is believed to be the main reason behind the crash of TransAsia Airways Flight 222, a day after landfall; it caused US$567 million in damages. Hurricane Genevieve crossed the International Date Line from the Central Pacific and entered the basin in early August. Typhoon Kalmaegi made landfall over the Philippines, China and Vietnam and Severe Tropical Storm Fung-wong made landfall over Philippines, Taiwan and China in mid-September. They caused over $146 million in damages, and marked the 5th year anniversary of Typhoon Ketsana devastating the Philippines. Typhoon Phanfone and Typhoon Vongfong (Vongfong was the most powerful tropical cyclone of 2014, and the most intense since Typhoon Haiyan) made landfall over Japan in October. Both Phanfone and Vongfong caused $100 million in damages and killed 20 people. Typhoon Nuri was a violent typhoon, whose remnant went on to spawn the November 2014 Bering Sea cyclone. In late November, Severe Tropical Storm Sinlaku struck the Philippines and southern Vietnam; it caused over $4 million in damages in the Philippines and Vietnam. Typhoon Hagupit made landfall over the Philippines for three days, caused 18 deaths and $114 million in damages in early December. In late December and early January 2015, Tropical Storm Jangmi made landfall over southern Philippines, produced heavy rainfall which caused flooding. The flood in the Philippines caused at least $28.3 million and 66 deaths in damages. ==Seasonal forecasts== Every year several national meteorological services and scientific agencies forecast how many tropical cyclones, tropical storms, and typhoons will form during a season and/or how many tropical cyclones will affect a particular country.〔 These agencies include the Tropical Storm Risk (TSR) Consortium of the University College London, Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) and the Taiwan's Central Weather Bureau.〔 During October 2013, the Vietnamese National Center for Hydro Meteorological Forecasts (VNCHMF) predicted that one to two tropical cyclones would develop and possibly affect Vietnam between November 2013 and April 2014. Within its January — June seasonal climate outlook, PAGASA predicted that one to two tropical cyclones were likely to develop and/or enter the Philippine area of responsibility between January and March while three to six were predicted for the April to June period.〔 During March the Hong Kong Observatory predicted that the typhoon season in Hong Kong, would be near normal with four to seven tropical cyclones passing within of the territory compared to an average of 6. On May 5 and 6, China Meteorological Administration's Shanghai Typhoon Institute (CMA-STI) predicted that 26-28 tropical storms would develop over the basin, while Tropical Storm Risk issued their first forecast for the season and predicted an active typhoon season.〔 As a result 27 tropical storms, 17 typhoons and 11 intense typhoons were predicted to occur, while an ACE Index of 375 was also predicted by TSR.〔 In late June Taiwan's Central Weather Bureau predicted that 29-32 tropical storms would develop over the basin, while three-five systems were expected to affect Taiwan itself.〔 Within its July — December seasonal climate outlook, PAGASA predicted that eight to ten tropical cyclones were likely to develop and/or enter the Philippine area of responsibility between July and September, while five to seven were predicted for the October–December period. Within its two final forecasts for 2014, Tropical Storm Risk predicted that 26 tropical storms, 16 typhoons and 9 intense typhoons would develop over the basin.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「2014 Pacific typhoon season」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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